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XDR TB, Burkina Faso | CDC EID


EID Journal Home > Volume 16, Number 5–May 2010

Volume 16, Number 5–May 2010
Dispatch
Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis, Burkina Faso
Nuccia Saleri, Gisèle Badoum, Martial Ouedraogo, Sary M. Dembélé, Rachel Nacanabo, Victor Bonkoungou, Daniela Cirillo, Gabriele Pinsi, and Alberto Matteelli
Author affiliations: Ministry of Health National Tuberculosis Program, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso (N. Saleri, S.M. Dembélé, R. Nacanabo, A. Matteelli); University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy (N. Saleri, A. Matteelli); University of Ouagadougou/Yalgado National Hospital, Ouagadougou (G. Badoum, M. Ouedraogo); National Global Fund Coordination, Ouagadougou (V. Bonkoungou); San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (D. Cirillo); and Institute of Microbiology, Brescia (G. Pinsi)


Suggested citation for this article

Abstract
Because data from countries in Africa are limited, we measured the proportion of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis (TB) cases among TB patients in Burkina Faso for whom retreatment was failing. Of 34 patients with multidrug-resistant TB, 2 had an XDR TB strain. Second-line TB drugs should be strictly controlled to prevent further XDR TB increase.
Extensively drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis (TB) represents an emerging public health problem worldwide, characterized by alarming fatality rates regardless of patients' HIV status (1,2). XDR TB is defined as in vitro resistance to isoniazid and rifampin plus any fluoroquinolone and at least 1 injectable drug (capreomycin, kanamycin, or amikacin).

Since 2006, a total of 49 countries have reported XDR TB (3). Data from countries in Africa are scant, with the exception of South Africa, where the prevalence is high, especially among HIV-infected persons (3). However, these data may reflect diagnostic limitations rather than the true epidemiologic situation. In Burkina Faso, a low-income country in western Africa, TB prevalence is 226 new cases per 100,000 population (4), and multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB is estimated at 2.1% among new patients with smear-positive TB (5). During a systematic search for MDR TB among TB patients in Burkina Faso for whom a retreatment regimen was failing, we documented 2 cases of XDR TB.

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XDR TB, Burkina Faso | CDC EID

Suggested Citation for this Article
Saleri N, Badoum G, Ouedraogo M, Dembélé SM, Nacanabo R, Bonkoungou V, et al. Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis, Burkina Faso. Emerg Infect Dis [serial on the Internet]. 2010 May [date cited]. http://www.cdc.gov/EID/content/16/5/840.htm

DOI: 10.3201/eid1605.091262

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